ADHD Assessments
There is currently no one test that can be used to determine if one has ADHD. Specialists employ a variety of tools to gather data and observe the symptoms of a person.
These include standardized clinical interviewing and rating scales, observational ratings and a number of psychometric/neuropsychological tests (including intelligence testing). They are a vital element of the comprehensive evaluation process required to evaluate, screen the severity of a condition, and monitor the effectiveness of treatments.
Assessment Process
Most ADHD tests involve a thorough interview between the assessor and the person who is being assessed. A clinician such as a psychologist, medical professional or clinical social worker will conduct the test. The clinician will inquire about the person's past and present symptoms. Many evaluators use standardized behavior ratings scales. gp adhd assessment are based upon research that compares the behavior of people suffering from ADHD and those without. They aren't diagnostic in their own right, but they add important objective data to the evaluation. The Vanderbilt Assessment Scale, the Teacher-Parent report form of Behavior Assessment System for Children and the Vanderbilt Assessment Scale are all examples. For adults, a standard ADHD rating scale like the Wender Utah Rating Scale may be used. The clinician will use a behavioral check-list for both adults and children. This is used to look for other conditions that can co-occur along with ADHD. These include conduct disorder, oppositional disorder, anxiety, and depression.
The evaluator also examines the person's current and past medication. In addition, the clinician will review medical records and gather background information regarding the person's family and surroundings. For example, the evaluator will ask whether the person's parents or other relatives suffer from ADHD and what their symptoms were.
Psychometric and neuropsychological tests may provide important information to assist the evaluator in determining ADHD especially when there is some doubt regarding the diagnosis. However these tests are not of much effectiveness as the main method for making an ADHD diagnosis because of problems with their sensitivity and accuracy. They don't accurately reflect the variety of situations that adults face.
A more recent test known as SPECT brain scanning provides useful information on how the brain functions for only a brief period of time. The results are only useful to identify certain kinds of brain injuries or illnesses. They don't accurately reflect how the brain performs in everyday situations, such as school, work and relationships.
To get a more precise diagnosis, it is best to consult an expert in mental health who is experienced in the evaluation and treatment of ADHD. The best way to locate the right person is to get a referral from a doctor, therapist or any other professional.
Symptoms
People suffering from ADHD struggle to stay focused and maintaining self-control. This can cause problems at school, work or in relationships with friends. It can also make it difficult to handle daily stress in a healthy way. If not treated, ADHD symptoms could result in grave consequences, such as job loss, friendships broken and many other negative outcomes.
To be diagnosed with ADHD the symptoms of an individual must be present throughout the adolescent years and into childhood. These symptoms should also affect their ability to function in daily life, and must have been present before age 12 years old.
Inattention and impulsivity are two of the most frequently reported symptoms of ADHD. Inattention-related symptoms may include difficulties staying focused, forgetting important information, or having trouble remembering. Some people may also have weak organizational skills, or have trouble following directions and keeping track of multiple tasks at once.
Hyperactive/impulsive symptoms include fidgeting, being unable to sit still, having excess energy, and being talkative. This kind of ADHD can also cause a person to have difficulty waiting their turn or interrupting others.
These symptoms are often present in children when they first start school. They can struggle in class because of the academic demands, and they can become frustrated with their lack of concentration or organizational abilities. They may also struggle in interpersonal relationships due to their tendency to rage.
These symptoms can last into adulthood and cause problems at work or with romantic partners or even with family members. People with untreated ADHD might feel ashamed or blame themselves, thinking they're not smart enough to succeed or there's something wrong with them. It is crucial to understand that having ADHD does not mean you're less smart or skilled.
Your primary care provider or a mental health professional will conduct a thorough examination to determine the presence of ADHD. They will inquire about your symptoms and the impact they have on your daily life. They will also interview you as well as your partner and other family members and friends. To assess the severity of your symptoms, they use behavior ratings scales and symptom lists. They will also examine your medical history and educational background. They may also refer to you for a physical examination or psychological tests to determine if you have any other medical conditions.
Diagnosis
You or your child has been struggling in school. You may be worried about the fearful snow day or the latest teacher evaluation. You've heard of ADHD, but don't know what it means. Is your child lazy, or does she have a problem that is easier to be to treat than fix? A thorough diagnosis is essential. You need to determine if the problem is the result of excessive screen time, poor parenting, or a medical condition. Your family doctor can assist you to determine whether an ADHD assessment is appropriate for you.
In general the general case, an ADHD assessment consists of an interview as well as a review of the symptoms, and the use of rating scales or checklists. Doctors will inquire about the patient's health background, their growth in childhood, their academic and professional experiences, driving records as well as their marital and family history. The examiner will also check for other issues, like learning disabilities or anxiety and mood disorders.
The person being evaluated must be able discuss the issues honestly and openly. It is crucial that the person being evaluated does not repress the issue due to shame or fear of criticism. This will allow the examiner to determine how ADHD symptoms impact daily life and provide solutions.
To be eligible for a diagnosis of ADHD, several symptoms must be present prior to the age of 12 and be "impairing" in at least two major environments, like home or school. Impairment is more than being forgetful or having trouble staying on task or being fired from a job for tardiness, failing to finish the task on time or causing conflict and stress in a relationship.
Many doctors interview the patient as well as the loved ones like a spouse or sibling. They may also request opinions from those who spend a great deal of time with the patient like a coach or nanny. This type of personal insight often uncovers information that can't be gleaned from questionnaires. Psychiatrists also perform a physical exam and laboratory tests such as blood and urinary testing to rule out other possible causes.
Treatment
A health care provider may conduct an ADHD assessment to determine if there is a root cause such as a mood illness or another physical condition that is causing similar symptoms. A thorough evaluation requires examining the patient's mental and medical history, evaluating past and present behavior and school performance, and contacting teachers, family members and other caregivers to get an overall picture of how the individual performs in various settings.
People with ADHD often benefit from a variety of treatments, says Dr. Frank. Some people are prescribed medications to increase focus and concentration, and decrease the tendency to be impulsive. These include stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall or non-stimulant medicines that take longer time to effect results, but they can help improve attention skills like Intuniv and Clonidine.
Behavioral therapy is also part of the majority of treatment plans, especially for children. The therapist might teach them ways to organize their lives to help them keep on top of things or to practice mindfulness meditation to improve their impulse control and better manage their time. Family or marriage counseling is also beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD. It helps them develop the skills of problem-solving and communication that will help them cope with their difficulties at home and at work.
Many people who suffer from ADHD will also find that they can reduce their symptoms if they consume a balanced diet and get enough rest and exercise. They should also cut down on junk food and alcohol. It may also be beneficial to seek help from family and friends or join a support organization or participate in an ADHD coach training program that can provide them with tools and tips for managing their symptoms. Individuals with ADHD should visit their GP regularly for periodic medication checks to learn how their treatment works and to be aware of any possible side effects. Doctors can refer patients with ADHD for additional evaluation or for a diagnosis to a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist.